Step 2
Find Ink
Combination for the Proper "Effective
Density" to Print Pure White
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We want a negative that will print - with the
exposure time determined in Step 1 - PERFECT
WHITE (Photoshop 255) and PERFECT BLACK (Photoshop
0) while showing tonality at 5% and 95% black .
During this step it is MANDATORY that the exposure
derived in Step 1 be maintained!
While Step 1 is analogous to what Fred Picker
described as determining the exposure for the
"Proper Proof" print, Step 2 represents finding the
development needed to produce the perfect negative
density (remember "Expose for the shadows, DEVELOP
FOR THE HIGHLIGHTS").
Graded silver halide photographic paper is
designed to be sensitive to a limited spectrum
(that's why safelights work). Variable contrast
papers have multiple emulsions typically sensitive
to blue and green light. An excellent explanation
of the sensitivity of Ilford Multigrade papers is
found HERE.
Ink jet printers, provide a finer and smoother
dot pattern with colored ink than when printing
with only black ink. An experiment with colored ink
will quickly demonstrate the effect of the various
colors (including the mix producing a grayscale) on
the photographic paper of choice.
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A grayscale was
colorized with the Color Picker
to hues representing 30 degree
intervals on the color wheel. The
resulting "negative" was then
contact printed on Ilford
Multigrade FB paper with the
"mirror image" results shown.
Hue = 60 (yellow) has little
effect in blocking exposure to
Ilford MGFB.
Hue =180 (cyan) is the least
effective in blocking exposure.
Hue = 300 (magenta) clearly is
the most influential in
determining contrast.
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My original experiments and negatives were
made with HUE=0. The description below applies
regardless of the basic color chosen. I currently
use HUE=300 which eliminates the presence of yellow
dots.
In my view, the
Transfer Function
is the best way to create or modify an adjustment
curve.
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If HUE=300
(MAGENTA) provides
too much contrast for the Epson Photo 1200
printer, and is just right for the Epson
Color 740 printer, perhaps the difference
is in the amount of ink deposited. To test
the theory, I repeatedly printed a test
block of HUE=300,
lowering by 5% the setting of the 100%
value in the Transfer Function (Page
Setup>Transfer Function). This reduced
the amount of ink deposited at each step.
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I then made a photographic print of the
blocks after placing an opaque strip down
the middle to provide a reference for
maximum white. My test with my Epson Photo
1200, Epson inks, and
HUE=300 (MAGENTA),
indicated that the first area in
which the test block was indistinguishable
from the white reference strip, for Ilford
Multigrade FB paper was somewhere between
75 and 80. I made a second series of tests
varying the Transfer Function from 75% to
80%.
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The Transfer Function screen permits
the adjustment of the curve by either
entering the individual values, or
"pulling on" the curve at the various
points. When used for the purpose
described here, the line remains straight,
altering the image by simply depositing
less ink overall.
The illustration shows a setting of
70%, found effective for negatives made
with Epson Photo Quality Glossy Film with
RED (HUE=0) ink, when printed
on Ilford Multigrade FB paper, As shown
above, magenta ink requires a slightly
higher setting - 80 seems to work.. These
are MY results,
with MY equipment,
and MY supplies,
Yours WILL differ.
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Two negatives were made of the
Merry Go-Round image, the source
for which is shown here. Both
were colorized with the Color
Picker.
NO Adjustment Curve was
applied to either - although
obviously needed!
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HUE 300
ONLY magenta ink
Transfer Function set to 80%
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HUE 120
ONLY cyan and yellow ink
no Transfer Function
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Prints made using exposure time
to provide "perfect black" as determined
in Step 1.
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Print made from the green
negative, using 60cc magenta
filtration to increase contrast.
Exposure increased for "perfect
black".
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Home
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Preparation
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Step 1
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Step 3
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Step 4
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Step 5
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Image
Preparation
Material Selection
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Find
Minimum Exposure Needed to Print
Pure BLACK with the chosen
negative material
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Create
an Adjustment Curve
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Make a
negative
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Final
Check
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